深入解读OpenAI官方Prompt指南：ChatGPT国内使用必看教程

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本文作者 Eric Provencher，在 OpenAI 负责 Codex 开发者体验（DX），此前是 Repo Prompt 的作者。原文是 OpenAI 官方文档中的 Prompting 指南，以下为逐段中英对照翻译

learn.chatgpt.com/docs/prompting

Prompting 概述

Prompting is how you tell ChatGPT what you want to know, make, or change. A prompt can be a question, an instruction, or a goal. You don’t need technical syntax or a rigid formula. Start in your own words, review the response, and use follow-up messages to shape the result.

Prompt 就是你告诉 ChatGPT 你想知道什么、想做什么、想改什么。它可以是一个问题、一条指令，或者一个目标。你不需要技术语法，也不需要固定套路。用自己的话开头，看看回复，再用后续消息把结果修成你要的样子

A short prompt is often enough. For larger or more important tasks, include the parts that matter:

一句短 prompt 往往就够了。任务更大或更重要时，把关键的几块信息带上：

Goal: What should ChatGPT do?

目标（Goal）：ChatGPT 该做什么？

Context: What information or sources will help?

上下文（Context）：哪些信息或来源能帮上忙？

Output: What format, length, or level of detail do you need?

输出（Output）：你需要什么格式、多长、多细？

Boundaries: What must stay unchanged? What should ChatGPT avoid or check with you before it acts?

边界（Boundaries）：哪些东西不能动？哪些事 ChatGPT 该避开，或者动手前先来问你？

Use only the parts that help. You don’t need to fill in every item or follow a required format.

只用对你有帮助的部分就行。不需要每一项都填，也没有什么必须遵守的格式

描述你要的结果

Start with the result, not a detailed list of steps. Include the audience or format when those details change what ChatGPT should produce.

从结果说起，不要从一长串步骤说起。当受众或格式会影响产出时，把它们写进去

Turn these meeting notes into a short update for the project team.Put the decisions and next steps first.

把这些会议记录整理成一份给项目组的简短进展通报。决策和下一步行动放在最前面

This prompt explains what to create and who will read it. Describe a process when the process itself matters. Otherwise, leave ChatGPT room to search, compare information, and adjust its approach.

这条 prompt 说清了要产出什么、给谁看。只有当过程本身重要时，才去描述过程。其他时候，给 ChatGPT 留出空间，让它自己去搜索、比对信息、调整做法

补充有用的上下文

Share the information that could change the result. Add only the sources that matter, and explain what ChatGPT should take from each one.

把可能改变结果的信息给它。只加真正相关的来源，并且说明每个来源里 ChatGPT 该取什么

Attach documents, spreadsheets, presentations, or PDF files when you want ChatGPT to summarize, compare, transform, or create files for review.

想让 ChatGPT 总结、比对、转换内容，或者生成待审阅的文件时，附上文档、电子表格、演示文稿或 PDF

Add a screenshot, diagram, or other image input when the task depends on visual context. Point out the area that matters instead of relying on the image alone.

任务依赖视觉信息时，加一张截图、示意图或其他图片输入。指出图里关键的区域，不要只把图丢过去

Ask ChatGPT to use web search when the answer depends on current information, and ask for sources when you need to check the result.

答案依赖最新信息时，让 ChatGPT 用网页搜索。需要核对结果时，让它给出来源

Use a project when related chats or tasks should share files, sources, or a local folder.

相关的对话或任务需要共享文件、来源或本地文件夹时，用 project 来组织

使用已连接的数据源

When ChatGPT has access to connected sources, name where it should look and what it should find. You don’t need to describe every search it should run.

当 ChatGPT 能访问已连接的数据源时，点名它该去哪找、找什么。不需要把每一次检索都描述出来

Use the latest project plan in Drive and relevant decisions and updates from the project’s Slack channel to prepare a status update.

用 Drive 里最新的项目计划，加上项目 Slack 频道里相关的决策和进展，准备一份状态通报

Connected sources require the matching plugin, and availability can depend on your plan and workspace settings.

已连接的数据源需要对应的插件，能不能用还取决于你的订阅方案和工作区设置

使用插件

Plugins give ChatGPT reusable instructions and connections to tools such as Google Drive, Gmail, Slack, and GitHub. Ask for the result you need and let ChatGPT choose from the tools available to it. To choose a specific plugin, type @ in the composer.

插件给 ChatGPT 提供可复用的指令，以及到 Google Drive、Gmail、Slack、GitHub 这类工具的连接。直接说你要的结果，让 ChatGPT 从可用的工具里自己挑。想指定某个插件，在输入框里输入@

个性化 ChatGPT

Put preferences that should apply across chats and tasks in Settings > Personalization as custom instructions. Keep details that matter only to the current task in the prompt.

需要在所有对话和任务里生效的偏好，放进「设置 > 个性化」的自定义指令。只对当前任务有用的细节，写在 prompt 里

设定能防住真麻烦的边界

Boundaries are the few instructions ChatGPT needs to avoid creating extra work or taking an action you didn’t intend. Add one when changing the wrong detail would make the result unusable, or when you want to review something before it affects other people.

边界是那么几条指令，用来防止 ChatGPT 制造额外的工作，或者做出你没打算让它做的动作。什么时候加？改错一个细节结果就没法用的时候，或者某件事影响到别人之前你想先过目的时候

Keep the approved dates and budget figures unchanged.

已批准的日期和预算数字保持不动

Use only the supplied sources. Flag missing information instead of guessing.

只用我提供的来源。信息缺了就标出来，不要猜

Keep recommendations within the stated budget.

建议控制在说好的预算之内

Prepare the message as a draft. Don’t send it.

把消息准备成草稿，不要发出去

Focus on the one or two boundaries that matter most. You don’t need to control every step ChatGPT takes.

盯住最要紧的一两条边界就好。不需要控制 ChatGPT 走的每一步

让结果拿来就能用

Tell ChatGPT how you plan to use the result. This helps it choose the right length, level of detail, and organization.

告诉 ChatGPT 你打算怎么用这个结果。它就能选对长度、详细程度和组织方式

Make this a one-page summary a director can scan before the meeting. Put the decision and next steps first.

做成一页纸的摘要，让总监开会前扫一眼就行。决策和下一步放最前面

Turn these notes into a follow-up email with the decisions, owners, and due dates.

把这些笔记整理成一封跟进邮件，写清决策、负责人和截止日期

Create a clear table of planned versus actual spending and highlight any difference over 10%.

做一张计划支出和实际支出的对照表，差异超过 10% 的都标出来

For important work, ask ChatGPT for a final check, such as confirming every action item has an owner and due date or flagging information it couldn’t verify. Then review the result yourself before you use or share it.

重要的工作，让 ChatGPT 收尾时做一次终检，比如确认每个行动项都有负责人和截止日期，或者把它没法核实的信息标出来。然后你自己再过一遍，再去用、再去分享

用追问改进结果

Your first prompt doesn’t need to be perfect. Review the result, then ask for the specific change you want.

第一条 prompt 不需要完美。看完结果，把你想要的具体改动说出来

Make the opening more direct, keep the evidence, and move the recommendation above the background section.

开头写得更直接一点，证据保留，把建议挪到背景部分的前面

You can add a missing source, correct the direction, ask for another option, or change the level of detail without starting over.

你可以补一个漏掉的来源、纠正方向、再要一个方案，或者调整详细程度，不用从头再来

Steer 与 Queue

When Codex is already working, you can send another message without waiting for the current run to finish:

Codex 干活的时候，你不用等当前这轮跑完，就能发下一条消息：

Steer adds the message to the current run. Use it to change direction, add a missing detail, or share new information.

Steer（转向）把消息加进当前这一轮。用来改方向、补细节、给新信息

Queue saves the message for the next run. Use it for a follow-up that should wait until the current work finishes.

Queue（排队）把消息留到下一轮。适合那些该等当前工作干完再说的追问

In the ChatGPT desktop app, choose the default under Settings > General > Follow-up behavior. Queued messages appear above the composer, where you can edit, reorder, send, or delete them. The setting also shows the shortcut for using the other behavior for one message without changing your default.

在 ChatGPT 桌面应用里，默认行为在「设置 > 通用 > 追问行为」里选。排队中的消息显示在输入框上方，可以编辑、调整顺序、发送或删除。这个设置页还会显示一个快捷键，让你在不改默认的前提下，单条消息临时用另一种行为

In Codex CLI, press Enter while Codex is working to steer the current turn, or press Tab to queue the message for the next turn. See the interactive shortcuts for details.

在 Codex CLI 里，Codex 工作时按Enter是 steer 当前这一轮，按Tab是把消息 queue 到下一轮。细节见交互快捷键文档

把这些拼在一起

For a project update that uses connected sources, a complete prompt might look like this:

一份用到已连接数据源的项目通报，完整的 prompt 大概长这样：

Prepare a one-page project status update for Monday’s leadership meeting. Use the latest project plan in Drive and relevant decisions and updates from the project’s Slack channel.Lead with the decisions leadership needs to make and the next steps. Summarize progress, risks, owners, and due dates. Keep approved dates and budget figures unchanged. Flag any conflicting or missing information, and don’t send or publish anything.Before you finish, check that every next step has an owner and due date.

为周一的管理层会议准备一份一页纸的项目状态通报。用 Drive 里最新的项目计划，加上项目 Slack 频道里相关的决策和进展。管理层需要拍板的决策和下一步行动放在最前面。总结进度、风险、负责人和截止日期。已批准的日期和预算数字保持不动。有冲突或缺失的信息就标出来，任何东西都不要发送或发布。收尾前，检查每个下一步都有负责人和截止日期

This prompt covers the Goal, Context, Output, and Boundaries, then asks for a final check without spelling out every step.

这条 prompt 覆盖了目标、上下文、输出和边界，最后要了一次终检，但没有把每一步都写死

使用语音听写

In the ChatGPT desktop app, hold Ctrl+M while the composer is visible, the...